“This is a message from the Son
of God, whose eyes penetrate like flames of fire, whose feet are like glowing
brass.
19 “I
am aware of all your good deeds—your
kindness to the poor, your gifts and service to them; also, I know your love
and faith and patience, and I can see your constant improvement in all these
things.
20 “Yet
I have this against you: You are permitting that woman Jezebel, who calls
herself a prophetess, to teach my servants that sex sin is not a serious
matter; she urges them to practice immorality and to eat meat that has been
sacrificed to idols. 21 I gave
her time to change her mind and attitude, but she refused. 22 Pay attention now to what I am saying: I will lay her
upon a sickbed of intense affliction, along with all her immoral followers,e
unless they turn again to me, repenting of their sin with her; 23 and I will strike her children dead. And all the churches
shall know that I am he who searches deep within men’s hearts and minds; I will
give to each of you whatever you deserve.
24-25 “As for the rest of you in Thyatira who have not followed this false teaching (‘deeper truths,’ as they call them—depths of Satan, really), I will ask nothing further of you; only hold tightly to what you have until I come.
26 “To
everyone who overcomes—who to the very end
keeps on doing things that please me—I will
give power over the nations. 27 You
will rule them with a rod of iron just as my Father gave me the authority to
rule them; they will be shattered like a pot of clay that is broken into tiny
pieces. 28 And I will give you
the Morning Star!
29 “Let all who can hear listen to what the Spirit says to the churches.[1]
|
1. The
Recipients (Rev 2:18). 2. The
Speaker: Jesus (Rev 2:18). |
|
|
E. The
Message to Thyatira: The Church That Is Compromising or Permissive, Rev 2:18–29 |
|
|
1. The Recipients
a. The messenger of the church b. The Thyatira church DS1 2. The Speaker:
Jesus |
18 And unto the angel of the church in Thyatira write, These things
saith the Son of God, who hath his eyes like unto a flame of fire, and his
feet are like fine brass; |
|
3. The
commendation for deeds or works a. For love &
faith b. For service &
perseverance c. For expanding
ministries |
19 I
know thy works and charity, and service, and faith, and thy patience, and thy
works, and the last to be more than
the first. |
|
4. The
complaint: Allowing a Jezebel to teach a. They tolerate a
false prophetess b. They tolerate
false teaching, sexual immorality, & idolatry |
20 Notwithstanding,
I have a few things against thee, because thou sufferest that woman Jezebel,
which calleth herself a prophetess, to teach and to seduce my servants to
commit fornication, and to eat things sacrificed unto idols. 21.
And I gave her space to repent of her fornication, and she repented not. |
|
5. The
warning: To the compromising & corrupt a. To Jezebel: She
will be cast into a bed of suffering |
22.
Behold, I will cast her into a bed, and them that commit adultery with her
into great tribulation, except they repent of their deeds. |
|
b. To Jezebel’s
followers: The same fate c. The purpose for
the warning 1) To honor Jesus 2) To execute
justice |
23 And
I will kill her children with death, and all the churches shall know that I
am he which searcheth the reins and hearts: and I will give unto every one of
you according to your works. |
|
6. The
counsel: To the faithful a. There will be no
other burdens or demands made upon the faithful |
24 But
unto you I say, and unto the rest in Thyatira, as many as have not this
doctrine, and which have not known the depths of Satan, as they speak; I will
put upon you none other burden. |
|
b. They must hold
fast |
25 But
that which ye have already hold
fast till I come. |
|
7. The
promise: To the overcomers a. They will be
given authority & power over the nations |
26 And
he that overcometh, and keepeth my works unto the end, to him will I give
power over the nations: 27 And
he shall rule them with a rod of iron; as the vessels of a potter shall they
be broken to shivers: even as I received of my Father. |
|
b. They will be
given the Morning Star, Christ Himself |
28 And
I will give him the morning star. 29 He
that hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches. |
D. THE DEFIANT CHURCH
Revelation 2:18–29
The letter to Thyatira is the
longest of the seven letters. The church in Thyatira was defiant. They defied
truth and righteousness by allowing “Jezebel” (Revelation 2:20) to lead people astray, and she defied God by refusing to repent
when given time to repent (Revelation 2:21).
1.
The Church (Revelation 2:18)
“Unto the angel of the church in Thyatira write” (Revelation 2:18). We note three things about
Thyatira.
• It’s location.
Thyatira is located southeast of Pergamos, about halfway between Pergamos and
Sardis.
• It’s littleness.
Thyatira is the smallest of the seven cities to which letters were sent, yet it
received the longest letter.
• It’s Lydia.
Thyatira is noted commercially for dyeing. (Acts 16)
reports that the first convert recorded of Paul’s ministry in Philippi was
Lydia, a seller of purple (material dyed purple) from Thyatira. Because the dye
for purple was very expensive, Lydia had to be a very wealthy woman.
2.
The Christ (Revelation 2:18)
“These things saith the Son of God, who hath his eyes like
unto a flame of fire, and his feet are like fine brass” (Revelation 2:18). The message to Thyatira comes
from Jesus Christ, Whose description here is a reference to His description in Revelation 1:14-15.
• The designation of Christ. “Son of God.”
In Revelation 1:13, the designation is “Son of man.”
The designation “Son
of man” refers to His incarnation/humanity, while the designation “Son of God”
emphasizes His deity. Because of the nature of His judgmental work in Thyatira,
Christ comes to Thyatira as the Divine judge.
• The description of Christ. “Eyes like unto a flame of fire, and his feet are like fine brass.” Both speak of judgment. The fiery eyes speak of the anger at sin, such as “when he had looked round about on them with anger” (Mark 3:5). The brass feet speak of judgment. Brass in Scripture is often a symbol of judgment. His feet in judgment “treadeth the winepress of the fierceness and wrath of Almighty God” (Revelation 19:15).[2]
E. Thyatira: The Compromising, Corrupt, Defiant Permissive Church
Revelation 2:18–29
(Revelation
2:18–29) Introduction: compromise
will destroy a church. We live in a world of compromise where people seek
their own interests at any cost. People sell their souls for the possessions,
power, and pleasures of this world. People young and old alike will compromise
and go along; they will do almost anything …
• to get attention
• to be popular and acceptable
• to secure their jobs
• to get promotions
• to get good grades
• to get more money
• to get bigger houses
• to live in a better neighborhood
• to get more power
On and on the list could go, but the point is clearly seen. People compromise what they know is right in order to get what they want. This was what the members of the church at Thyatira were doing. The church at Thyatira is a picture of the compromising church, a church full of believers who were compromising with the world in order to fulfill their personal desires.
1. The Recipients (Rev 2:18).
2. The Speaker: Jesus (Rev 2:18).
3. The commendation for deeds or works (Rev 2:19).
4. The complaint: allowing a Jezebel to teach (Rev 2:20–21).
5. The warning: to the compromising and corrupt
(Rev 2:22–23).
6. The counsel: to the faithful (Rev 2:24–25).
7. The promise: to the overcomers (Rev 2:26–29).
1 (Revelation 2:18) Church—Minister: there is the Recipient. The minister is responsible for the church; therefore, the Lord addresses this letter to him. The minister is to proclaim the truth to the church that is compromising with the world. If some of the members have begun to compromise with the world, it is the minister’s duty to declare the Word of Christ to them, to proclaim exactly what Christ says in this message. And note how serious the problem of compromise is to Christ. Thyatira was the smallest of the seven churches, but this message is longer than any of the others. Christ has more to say to a compromising church than to any other.
|
DEEPER
STUDY # 1 (Revelation 2:18) Thyatira: two historical facts seem to have a bearing upon the
Lord’s message to the church. 1.
Thyatira was a frontier town—the least important city of the seven mentioned
in Revelation. It lay on the road that stretched through a long valley
between Pergamos and Sardis. It had no defensible surroundings. Its citizens
could only hope to fight a delaying action for Pergamos. The church knew what
it was to hope in, One who could see
all circumstances and who could trample all enemies under His foot (Revelation 2:18, & Revelation
2:26–27). The church knew what it was to hold fast (Revelation 2:26–27).
2.
Thyatira was renowned for its trade guilds or unions. These guilds had two
prime functions: business and social. The city’s two major industries were
dye and wool. These products, plus the major road that ran through the city,
brought merchants from all over the world. The very life of the community was
centered on trade guilds or unions. Their functions often involved a meal
that was usually held within the temple precincts. The social included a
sacrifice to the gods and frequently ended up being a drunken immoral affair.
Note
that the church knew the attraction of Jezebel’s seductive teaching. This
probably refers to a woman within the church who was teaching an idea that
seemed to be very practical and reasonable. What was it? That believers could
support the social functions of their trade guilds or unions, even if the
social function were worldly. Believers had to participate in the community’s
social and business functions in order to secure themselves and their jobs
and in order to prosper. Lowering Christian holiness and morality was
necessary in order to guarantee social acceptance and the survival of one’s
job or business (Revelation 2:20). It was
felt that God would understand. But the church knew Him “who has eyes like a flame of fire” and sees
all (Revelation 2:18–19). It knew Him who
was to trample all enemies under His feet (Revelation
2:18) and who was to search the hearts of all and reward them
according to their works (Revelation 2:23).
Note Thyatira is the city from which Lydia, the seller of purple, came
(Acts. 16:14, Acts
16:40). |
2 (Revelation 2:18) Jesus Christ—Church: there is the Speaker, the Lord Jesus Christ Himself. Note how Christ describes Himself to the compromising church.
1. Christ declares that He is the Son of God. He is the One to whom a person owes his life. A person is not to give his life over to the world or to anyone else. He is to give his life to the Son of God, to Jesus Christ Himself. A person is …
• to believe in Christ
• to follow Christ
• to obey Christ
• to become attached to Christ
• to love Christ
No person, especially a
believer, is to compromise with the world. There is to be no attachment and no
love for the world. A person owes his life, all he is and has, to the Son of
God.
“And he said to them all, If any man
will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily, and
follow me” (Lu. 9:23).
“If any man come to me and hate not his
father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brethren, and sisters, yea, and
his own life also, he cannot be my disciple. And whosoever doth not bear his
cross and come after me, cannot be my disciple” (Lu.
14:26–27).
“For if ye live after the flesh, ye
shall die, but if ye through the Spirit do mortify the deeds of the body, ye
shall live” (Ro. 8:13).
“And they that are Christ’s have
crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts” (Ga.
5:24).
“Love not the world, neither the things that are in the world. If any man loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father but is of the world” (1 Jn. 2:15–16).
2. Christ
declares that His eyes are like a flame of fire. Christ sees all. He sees
when a person is compromising, compromising in the dark, behind closed doors,
in parked cars, in the offices and houses of the world. He sees all compromise
that lies, steals, cheats, commits immorality, becomes intoxicated, and takes
drugs. He sees all seductive teaching and misleading of people within the
church. He sees and hears and rewards all according to their works (Rev.2:23). And note:
He also sees and aids the faithful to stand fast when they are tempted (Rev.2:25).
“If I sin, then thou markest me, and
thou wilt not acquit me from my iniquity” (Jb.
10:14).
“For now, thou numberest my steps: dost
thou not watch over my sin?” (Jb. 14:16).
“For though thou wash thee with nitre
and take thee much soap, yet thine iniquity is marked before me, saith the Lord
God” (Je. 2:22).
“For mine eyes are upon all their ways:
they are not hidden from my face, neither is their iniquity hid from mine eyes”
(Je. 16:17).
“And the Spirit of the Lord fell upon
me, and said unto me, Speak; Thus, saith the Lord; Thus have ye said, O house
of Israel: for I know the things that come into your mind, every one of them” (Eze. 11:5).
“And they consider not in their hearts
that I remember all their wickedness: now their own doings have beset them
about; they are before my face” (Ho. 7:2).
“For I know your manifold
transgressions and your mighty sins: they afflict the just, they take a bribe,
and they turn aside the poor in the gate from their right” (Am. 5:12).
“For there is nothing covered, that
shall not be revealed; neither hid, that shall not be known” (Lu. 12:2).
“Therefore, judge nothing before the time, until the Lord come, whom both will bring to light the hidden things of darkness and will make manifest the counsels of the hearts: and then shall every man have praise of God” (1 Co. 4:5).
3. Christ
declares that His feet are like brass. Christ is able to step down hard
upon all seductive teaching and compromise. He rules, and He judges. His feet
shall crush all those who compromise with the world. In addition, His feet
shall crush all false teachers of compromise. The reason is clear: He is the
only true spokesman and messenger of God. All others are false. Therefore, they
must be judged and cursed. Note that Jezebel was claiming to be a
prophetess, a spokesman, and a messenger of God.
“The wise man’s eyes are in his head,
but the fool walketh in darkness: and I myself perceived also that one event
happeneth to them all” (Ec. 2:14).
“In the day when God shall judge the
secrets of men by Jesus Christ according to my gospel” (Ro. 2:16).
“And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam,
prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his
saints, to execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly
among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of
all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him” (Jude 14–15).
“And out of his mouth goeth a sharp
sword, that with it he should smite the nations: and he shall rule them with a
rod of iron: and he treadeth the winepress of the fierceness and wrath of
Almighty God” (Rev. 19:15).
“Before the Lord, for he cometh, for he cometh to judge the earth: he shall judge the world with righteousness, and the people with his truth” (Ps. 96:13).[3]
THE COMPROMISING CHURCH / REVELATION 2:18–29
A letter carrier, upon leaving
Pergamum, would travel southeast about forty miles, over a range of small
hills, and finally into the fertile plain of Lycus. There he would find
Thyatira, a city known for its manufacturing.
The problem in Thyatira was a woman called Jezebel, who was teaching compromise with the pagan world. Christ condemned such teaching. There can be no compromise with evil. Believers must be discerning in order to see evil for what it is.
“To the
angel of the church in Thyatira, write:
These are the words of the Son of God, whose eyes are like blazing fire and whose feet are like
burnished bronze.” Rev 2:18 NIV Thyatira was a working person’s town, a
center for manufacturing. The city was filled with many trade guilds for
commerce, such as cloth making, dyeing, leatherworking, bronzeworking, and
pottery making. Lydia, Paul’s first convert in Philippi, was a merchant from
Thyatira (Acts 16:14). The city was not
important as a center for any temples to particular gods, although Apollo was
worshiped as a guardian of the city. This was combined with the required
worship of the emperor, considered an incarnation of Apollo and thus a son of
Zeus himself. Besides Apollo, each guild appears to have had its own patron
deity with its own festivals.
Christ’s description of himself as the speaker to this church is that he is the Son of God. This sets him against Apollo and the emperor, who were said to be sons of the chief god, Zeus. This title is used nowhere else in Revelation. This Son of God has eyes of blazing fire and feet of burnished bronze (see Revelation 1:14–15; see also Daniel 10:6). The blazing eyes indicate the penetrating power of his vision; the feet of bronze indicate strength for executing judgment.[4]
The Words of Christ From Eternity To The Congregation At Thyatira. — Revelation. 18–29.
“And
unto the angel of the Church in Thyatira,” etc. Thyatira was
situated between Pergamos and Sardis, a little off the main road which
connected these two cities. It was a Macedonian colony founded by Alexander the
Great (or whom I should rather designate “Alexander the Contemptible”) after the overthrow of the Persian empire. The
Macedonian colonists appear to have introduced the worship of Apollo, honored
as the sun god, under the name of Tyrumnas. It has been thought by some that
the description here given of Christ— “the eyes
of flame”—was selected in allusion to this worship of the sun god
under the form of some dazzlingly ornamented image. Certainly, close commercial
intercourse connected the daughter colony with its mother city. There seem to
have been various mercantile guilds in the colony—bakers, potters, tanners,
weavers, and dyers. The dye trade was, perhaps, the most important. Lydia, the
seller of purple, was in all likelihood connected with the guild of dyers; and
her appearance in Philippi is an illustration of the trade relations of Macedonia
and Thyatira. To her, the Christian community of Thyatira may have owed its
beginning. “She who had gone forth for a while to buy and sell and get again,
when she returned home, may have brought home with her richer merchandise than
any she had looked to obtain” (Trench). The population was of a mixed character
and included Asiatics, Macedonians, Italians, and Chaldæans.
Of all the homiletic sketches on this epistle, I know of no sketch so clear and comprehensive, so philosophic and suggestive, as that of the late Caleb Morris—one of the greatest, if not the greatest, preacher that has appeared in London during the century. Those whom the popular sentiment designates “princes of preachers” seem to me to shrink into contempt in his presence. “There are,” he says, “four things in this epistle to which we shall call attention—the commendable in character, the reprehensible in doctrine, the indispensable in duty, and the blessed in destiny.” How forcibly every item in this epistle is brought out by these four general divisions!35 To attempt a plan equal to this in all points of excellence would be a presumption. Albeit, as it would be supererogatory and useless to repeat what others have said, I shall endeavor to bring all the important elements of the chapter under one general heading—the moral character of mankind; and here we have it in three aspects.
I. As that in which Christ feels the profoundest
interest. He, who is here called the “Son
of God,” no doubt feels an interest in every part of the great universe.
But material worlds and systems, methinks, concern him not so much as the moral character of God’s spiritual
offspring. In souls, his interest is profound, practical, and permanent. Two
remarks are suggested.
1. His interest springs from an absolute
knowledge of the primary elements of character. “I know thy works,” and again he says, “I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts.” He
peers into those spheres of mind into which the vulture’s eye cannot pierce,
no, nor the keenest eye of angelic intelligence; the sphere where the character
is generated, where its elements float in invisible germs; the arena where the
moral battles are fought, where victories are won and defeats endured. Our
interest in objects is often blind, and so it often happens that we are
entranced with admiration for objects which we learn from sad experiences to be
worthless, base, and abhorrent. Not so with Christ. He knows what character really is and its elements,
whether good or bad.
2. His interest fills him with the deepest concern for the progress of the good. “I know thy works, and charity [thy love], and service, and faith [and ministry], and thy patience.” “Charity” and “service”—love and its administrations; “faith” and “patience”—faith in its practical endurance; and all these in their progressive development, and “the last to be more than the first.” Moral goodness, wherever it exists, is progressive. Unlike all other life, the more it grows, the more the craving and the more the capability for growth. “From glory to glory,” etc.
II. As that which is transmitted from generation to generation. In the long black roll of human infamy, there is not a blacker name than that of Jezebel, the wife of Ahab. She was “the great seducer to idolatry in the later history of Israel, and as the worship of the Phoenician Astarte, or Venus, was accompanied with the grossest impurity, her name became the synonym of all that was debasing and profligate.” Some suppose that this Jezebel in Thyatira, who embodied the character of the old Israelitish, fiendish idolatress, was the wife of the bishop of the congregation at Thyatira. It might be so, for many a worthy bishop has been matrimonially linked to a Jezebelitish woman. Ay, what is worse, many a Jezebelitish woman, married, has entrapped young unmarried bishops to their disgrace and ruin. But I am disposed to regard the name here as symbolical of some proud, persecuting, self-constituted authority on religion, haughtily vaunting claims of superior religious piety and theological intelligence. Now, centuries had passed since Jezebel, the wife of Ahab, ended her execrable history and passed into the retributive future; yet her character appears in Thyatira, breathing the same passions and repeating the same conduct as of yore. Thus, moral character is transmitted. I inquire not into the philosophy of this patent and awful fact in human history nor into its moral propriety; certain it is that in the present generation, the same characters appear as in the generation that lived before the Flood.
We Offer Three Remarks On The
Transmission Of Moral Character, As Suggested By The Letter Before Us.
1. The transmitted character does not free the
possessor from its responsibility. The party here addressed,
whether an individual, a faction, or a community, is spoken of as responsible;
ay, and it would seem that even the bishop of the Church had not a little
responsibility for the existence of this Jezebelitish character—a character
that used its influence on the side of ungodliness, licentiousness, and
adultery. The grand mission of Christly men is to expel evil from the
community, to crush the wrong, not by force and persecution, but by Divine
moral suasion and high Christian example. The work of a Christly man is to slay
with the sword of the Spirit, all the moral Jezebels within his reach. But
whilst the disciples of Christ are held to some extent responsible for the
existence of bad characters in their midst, the characters themselves are
conscious of their responsibility. The fact that they inherit the bad temper
and principles of their ancestors, however near or distant, does not relieve
them from the remorseful consciousness that they are the authors of their own
character. Every pang of remorse, every tear of compunction, every sigh of
moral regret, demonstrate to the greatest sinner that he is the author of his
own vile character and no other.
2. The transmitted character might be got rid
of by its possessor. “I gave
her space [time that she should] to repent of her fornication, and she repented not [willeth
not to repent of her fornication].” Even the wickedest person, man or
woman, has time given him for repentance. God hates nothing that he has made.
He wills not the death of any sinner, but rather that he should turn and be
saved—should repent and live. It was so even with the immoral person here
spoken of; time was given her, but she would not use it. There was no will to
repent. Therefore, for the sake of others, the time must now be shortened, and after
one more trial, judgment must follow. Repentance is the method of ridding oneself
of a bad character, and this repentance every man can and ought to accomplish.
Men are not machines or automatons but free agents. The will is the rudder of
the soul; it either steers the ship into the wished-for haven or drives it on
to shoals and quicksands.
3. The transmitted character might entail enormous evils on others. In truth, all evil characters must do so. “And I will kill her children with death.” All have their moral offspring; children like unto themselves. Evil propagates evil, as the good the good. “No man liveth unto himself.” Our moral children do our work, and that work is like that of Jezebel. Who knows the injury that the moral children of Jezebel did to the bishop and the Christian community of Thyatira? They encouraged licentiousness and idolatry, and committed fornication, and ate things “sacrificed unto idols.”
III. As that which determines the destiny of mankind. Here
mark two things.
1. The outcome of the bad. “Behold, I will
[do] cast her
into a bed, and them that commit adultery
with her into great tribulation, except they
repent of their deeds [her works].”
The chamber of voluptuousness shall become the chamber of torture. “And I will kill her children with death.” Those in
whom she has propagated her foul character, under the cover of higher piety and
deeper intelligence, shall meet with destruction. Death shall be their fate—the
death of all that makes life worth having. “The wages of sin is death.”
“Be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man soweth, that
shall he also reap.” “I will give unto every one of you according
to your works;” your works shall determine your doom.
2. The outcome of the good.
Three great blessings are here stated as coming to such.
(1) Freedom from
future suffering. “But unto [to] you I say, and unto [to] the rest in [that are
in] Thyatira, as many as have not this doctrine [teaching],
and which have not known [know not] the depths
[deep things] of
Satan, as they speak [say]; I will put
[cast] upon you
none other burden.” Whilst those whose impious Gnosticism, intolerant
spirit, and gross sensuality would meet with anguish and death, all who were
free from these abominations would be secure from future evil. “I will put [cast]
upon you none other burden.” You need not
apprehend any future evil. Elsewhere, we are told that “he will keep him
in perfect peace whose mind is stayed on him.” Another blessing is:
(2) Elevation to true
royalty. “But [howbeit]
that which ye have already hold fast till I come.”
Those who hold fast with an unrelaxing grasp all the good they had, triumphed
over evil, and held on loyally to the end, shall have “power
over the nations.” What power? Moral power—power over the minds
and hearts of nations. He only is the true sovereign who governs minds and hearts. All other
sovereignties are shams. The morally right has in it the highest elements of
might. Right is might, and there is none other. “He shall rule them with
a rod of iron.” Right is a rod of iron unbreakable and all-crushing,
dashing to pieces, shivering into atoms all the kingdoms of error and wrong. He
is the greatest king of his age who has the most truth and goodness in his
soul; hence the “saints one day shall judge the world.” Hail the
period! merciful Heaven, hasten it! Another blessing is:
(3) Inheritance of the highest possession. “I will give him the morning star.” “Morning star”—the bright harbinger of a day whose skies shall have no cloud, whose atmosphere no storm, whose sun shall rise and set no more. Christ himself is the “Morning Star.” This is the title he gives himself: “I, Jesus, am the Root and Offspring of David, and the Bright and Morning Star” The good man shall have Christ and, possessing him, shall have more than the universe itself. “All things are yours,” etc. So that out of the moral character of mankind will bloom their Paradise or flame their hell. Therefore, what we have good in us let us not only “hold fast” but nourish into higher developments. Let us so cultivate the “Divine tree” that its roots shall deepen, its fibers strengthen, its branches multiply, its foliage become more magnificent, and its fruits more abundant every day. —D. T.[5]
Revelation 2:18-29 Thyatira: The Compromising, Corrupt, Defiant Permissive Church—Full of People Who Compromise What They Know Is Right To Get What They Want.
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e Revelation 2:22, along with all her immoral followers, literally, “together with all those who commit adultery with her.”
[1] Taylor, Kenneth Nathaniel. 1997. The Living Bible,
Paraphrased. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House.
DS
Deeper Study
[2] Butler, John G. 2010. Analytical Bible Expositor: Revelation. Clinton, IA: LBC Publications.
[3] Leadership Ministries Worldwide. 1996. Revelation.
The Preacher’s Outline & Sermon Bible. Chattanooga, TN: Leadership
Ministries Worldwide.
NIV
Scripture quotations marked NIV are taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. NIV®.
Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission
of Zondervan Publishing House. All rights reserved.
[4] Barton, Bruce B. 2000. Revelation.
Edited by Grant R. Osborne. Life Application Bible Commentary. Wheaton, IL:
Tyndale House Publishers.
35 See Homilist, vol. xxiv. p. 276
[5] Spence-Jones, H. D. M., ed. 1909. Revelation.
The Pulpit Commentary. London; New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company.
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